A non-commutative Banach algebra in which A non-commutative Banach algebra in which 0 is the only quasi-nilpotent.

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Let A be the free algebra on two symbols w,v, i.e. the algebra of all finite linear combinations of words in u and v. The set of all such words is countable, {wn}, and we take the standard enumeration given by u,v,u2,uv,v2,u3,u2v,¼. Let B be the algebra of all infinite series x = ån = 1¥ anwn, where ||x|| = ån = 1¥ ||an| < ¥. Then B is a non-commutative Banach algebra. Let x Î B, x ¹ 0, and let ap be the first non-zero coefficient in the series ån = 1¥ anwn. Then the coefficient of wpm in xm is precisely apm and so ||xm|| ³ |ap|m  (m = 1,2,3,¼), r(x) ³ |ap| > 0. Note that B is an infinite dimensional non-commutative Banach algebra in which the set of quasi-nilpotents coincides with the set of nilpotents.
Ref.
J. Duncan and A.W. Tullo, Finite dimensionality, nilpotents and quasi-nilpotents in Banach algebras, Proc. of the Edin. math. Soc., vol 19(Series II), Part 1, 1974.


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